What it is

Total hip replacement, or total hip arthroplasty, is a procedure to replace a damaged hip joint with an artificial one. This involves removing the femoral head and replacing it with a metal or ceramic prosthesis. The acetabulum (hip socket) is fitted with a matching metal cup, often with a polyethylene or ceramic liner, allowing for smooth, pain-free joint movement. It is a common and effective treatment for individuals with hip joint degeneration due to arthritis, fractures, or avascular necrosis.

Symptoms it treats

Total hip replacement addresses a range of symptoms including:

• Severe pain and stiffness in the hip that limits daily activities
• Difficulty walking, climbing stairs, or sitting comfortably
• Hip pain that persists during rest or sleep
• Advanced joint damage or deformity

Postoperative care

Patients recovering from total hip replacement follow a structured plan:

• Light movement and weight-bearing exercises under supervision within 24 hours
• Physical therapy to improve joint strength, flexibility, and balance
• Pain management through medication and cold therapy
• Temporary activity limitations to avoid dislocation while the joint heals

Risks and complications

Total hip replacement is generally safe but carries some risks, including:

• Blood clots in the legs or lungs
• Infection around the joint or implant
• Potential dislocation of the new hip joint
• Loosening of the implant over time, requiring revision surgery
• Rare instances of nerve or blood vessel damage